Development knowledge/Linux

[Linux] systemctl ๋ช…๋ น์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• & ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์ƒํƒœ ํ™•์ธ

yuri lee 2024. 7. 16. 21:06
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Intro

์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” AWS EC2 ์ธ์Šคํ„ด์Šค์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค์˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ์ด๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” systemctl ๋ช…๋ น์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์ƒํƒœ ํ™•์ธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

Systemctl?

systemctl๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ systemd ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ช…๋ น์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. systemd๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํŒ… ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ์ค‘์ง€ ์ƒํƒœ ์กฐํšŒ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

How to command

#1 ์„œ๋น„์Šค(ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค) ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ์ค‘์ง€

systemctl start [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ํŠน์ • ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl stop [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ํŠน์ • ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl restart [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ํŠน์ • ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์žฌ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl reload [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์„ค์ •์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋กœ๋“œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ).

 

#2 ์„œ๋น„์Šค(ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค) ์ƒํƒœ ์กฐํšŒ

systemctl status [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ํŠน์ • ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์กฐํšŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl is-active [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ƒํƒœ์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl is-enabled [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํŒ… ์‹œ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋„๋ก ์„ค์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

#3 ์„œ๋น„์Šค(ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค) ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฐ ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”

systemctl enable [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ๋ถ€ํŒ… ์‹œ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋„๋ก ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl disable [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ๋ถ€ํŒ… ์‹œ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl mask [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌํ•˜์—ฌ, ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
systemctl unmask [์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ช…]: ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

systemd ์™€ systemctl ๋ช…๋ น์–ด๋Š” Linux ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๋ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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